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BendingJul 18, 2026
Bend Allowance and K-Factor: Getting Flat Patterns Right
How bend allowance, K-factor and tooling choice affect the accuracy of developed flat patterns.
Accurate flat pattern development is the foundation of precision bending. Small K-factor errors multiply across multiple bends.
Understanding K-Factor
The K-factor describes the neutral axis position during bending. It varies with material type, thickness and bend radius, so we maintain tested K-factor tables per material and tooling set.
Tooling Selection
V-opening width should generally be 6-8 times material thickness. Narrower openings increase springback and surface marking.
Angle Consistency
CNC crowning compensation and angle measurement systems keep bend angles within ±0.5° across long parts.